| 天然石墨基C—Si—C核壳结构负极的构筑及其高容量、长循环性能研究 |
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| 引用本文：戴竞杰,张素娜,吴益华,乔永民,王利军,燕溪溪.天然石墨基C—Si—C核壳结构负极的构筑及其高容量、长循环性能研究[J].上海第二工业大学(中文版),2026,43(2):163-172 |
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| 中文摘要:本研究以低毒性二氯二甲基硅烷(dimethyldichlorosilane, DMDCS) 为硅源、天然石墨(natural graphite, NG)为基底, 通过柠檬酸热解碳包覆, 成功构建C—Si—C 结构的硅碳负极材料。系统探究了900 ℃ 下不同硅沉积时间对材料电化学性能的影响。结构表征与性能测试表明, 当沉积时间为30 min 时, 所制备复合材料具备最优储锂性能:其首次放电比容量达994.47 mAh/g, 在5 A/g 大电流下仍保持119.93 mAh/g 的放电比容量, 展现出良好的倍率性能;在1 A/g 下循环1 000 次后, 仍保持113.6 mAh/g 的放电比容量, 容量保持率达99.7%, 首圈库伦效率为93.75%。该优异性能源于硅掺杂所引入的高容量合金化位点与石墨插层储锂的协同作用, 以及适度硅负载与碳层共同促进形成的稳定界面结构。 |
| 中文关键词:锂离子电池 负极材料 硅碳复合材料 天然石墨 化学气相沉积 |
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| Construction of Natural Graphite-Based C-Si-C Core-Shell Structure Anodes and Research on Its High Capacity and Long Cycle Performance |
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| Abstract:This study successfully constructed a C—Si—C structured silicon-carbon anode material using low-toxicity dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS) as the silicon source and natural graphite (NG) as the substrate, through citric acid pyrolytic carbon coating. The effects of different silicon deposition time at 900 ℃ on the electrochemical performance of the material were systematically investigated. Structural characterization and performance testing reveal that the composite material exhibits optimal lithium storage properties at deposition time of 30 min. The initial discharge capacity reaches 994.47 mAh/g, maintaining 119.93 mAh/g at a high current of 5 A/g, demonstrating excellent rate capability. After 1 000 cycles at 1 A/g, the discharge capacity remains at 113.6 mAh/g, with a capacity retention rate of 99.7% and a first-cycle coulombic efficiency of 93.75%. This outstanding performance stems from the synergistic effect between the high-capacity alloying sites introduced by silicon doping and lithium storage via graphite intercalation, coupled with the stable interface structure jointly promoted by moderate silicon loading and the carbon layer. |
| keywords:lithium-ion batteries anode materials silicon-carbon composite materials natural graphite chemical vapor deposition |
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