| 长江口及其近岸海域水交换能力计算及研究 |
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| 引用本文：裴芙蓉,戴珏,袁昊,刘云飞,关杰,刘乐.长江口及其近岸海域水交换能力计算及研究[J].上海第二工业大学(中文版),2025,42(3):248-255 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然基金(52370142, 52070127) 资助 |
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| 中文摘要:长江口作为全球重要的河口系统, 其复杂的水动力过程对区域水质、生态环境及海洋资源的可持续利用具有重要影响。基于MIKE 21 二维数值模型, 对长江口及其近岸海域的水交换能力进行研究, 通过模拟潮汐、径流和地形等多种水动力因素, 系统分析了潮流场特征及物质输运规律。结果表明, 长江口的潮流场以不规则半日潮为主,表现出显著的涨落潮往复流特征: 落潮期间, 径流和潮汐共同作用推动水体向外输运; 涨潮期间, 潮汐动力主导水体回流。半交换期计算结果显示, 长江口及其近岸海域的水体半交换的周期约为62.1 天, 保守物质浓度随时间逐渐趋于均匀分布, 显现出良好的扩散与稀释能力。揭示了潮汐驱动与地形复杂性对水体输运和物质滞留的显著影响, 为深入理解长江口水动力过程及其对生态环境的调控作用提供了科学依据, 并可为长江口环境保护与资源管理策略的制定提供支持。 |
| 中文关键词:水环境科学 MIKE 21 长江口 数值模拟 水交换 |
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| Calculation and Investigation of Water-Exchange Capacity in the Changjiang River Estuary and Adjacent Coastal Waters |
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| Abstract:As a globally significant estuarine system, the Changjiang river estuary is governed by intricate hydrodynamic processes that profoundly influence regional water quality, ecological integrity, and the sustainable utilisation of marine resources. This study employs the two-dimensional MIKE 21 numerical model to quantify the water-exchange capacity within the estuary and adjacent coastal waters.
By simultaneously simulating tides, river discharge and complex bathymetry, the model elucidates the characteristics of the tidal current field and the associated mass-transport patterns. Results reveal that the estuary is dominated by irregular semi-diurnal tides, exhibiting pronounced flood-ebb reversals. During ebb phases, the combined action of river flow and tidal forcing drives net seaward advection, whereas flood phases are governed primarily by tidal energy, promoting landward return flow. The half-exchange period calculation results indicate that the half-exchange period of water in the Changjiang river estuary and its adjacent coastal waters is approximately 62.1 days. The conservative tracer concentrations progressively attain a quasi-uniform distribution, indicating robust dispersion and dilution capacities. The findings underscore the dominant roles of tidal forcing and topographic complexity in regulating water-mass transport and solute residence, thereby providing a scientific basis for a deeper understanding of hydrodynamic controls on the estuarine ecosystem. The outcomes are expected to support the formulation of environmental protection and resource-management strategies for the Changjiang River Estuary. |
| keywords:water-environmental science MIKE 21 Changjiang river estuary numerical simulation water-exchange |
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